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Восхождение по лестнице в архитектуре эпохи Модерна

Ходаковская А.Е.

Восхождение по лестнице в архитектуре эпохи Модерна

Ходаковская Анастасия Евгеньевна, ученица 8 класса школы № 1199 (Москва).

В статье анализируется эволюция архитектурного образа восхождения по лестнице у европейских и российских архитекторов эпохи Модерна. Отмечается разная степень значимости, внешнего вида, функциональной роли, данного архитектурного объекта у европейских и русских архитекторов. Восхождение по лестнице осмысляется как реализация идеи становления, преодоление самого себя, стихийных сил, как переход в иное пространство.

Ключевые слова: архитектурные образы, эпоха Модерна, восхождение, лестница, линия, пространство.

Khodakovskaya A.E. Climbing the Stairs in the Architecture of the Art Nouveau

Anastasia E. Khodakovskaya, pupil of 8^th class, School No 1199 (Moscow)

The author, on the basis of the analysis of the image of the stairs in the architecture of the Art Nouveau, revealed a functional, aesthetic and cultural value of this architectural element. The following sources were used: architectural plans, projects, photographs, art criticism literature. The author gives a comparative analysis of development of architectural images, ideas of certain architects from different countries throughout the entire period of creative activity. 

The results of the study of buildings of Antonio Gaudi (Spain), Feodor Shehtel (Russia) and Victor Horta (Belgium) were in the basis of the article. The author studied the following buildings: La Sagrada Familia, the Guell Palace, the Casa Calvet, the Casa Batllo, the Casa Mila, the Morozova’s mansion, the Ryabushinsky’s mansion, the Derozhinskaja’s mansion, the Shechtel’s mansion on the Bolshaya Sadovaya, the Horta’s house, the Tassel’s mansion, the hotel van Eetvelde. In the course of the work the author was able to identify and trace the evolution of the image of the stairs, its values in the general architectural plan of the building and for the development of the perception of space structures.

Architects from different countries and different cultural traditions paid close attention to such functional element of a structure, as a stairs. With the help of this element the architects involved a person in a process, which was «invented» for this or that building. The stairs as an architectural element in the art of the Art Nouveau in addition to the functional features began to play a special aesthetic and even mystical role. The architects of the modernism put a special meaning in the process of climbing the stairs, and the rise turns into the transition from the everyday reality in the world of mystery. Climbing the stairs regarded as the realization of the idea of development and overcoming himself. Author connects space with the movement and is interpreted as a metaphor.

Keywords: architectural images, the Art Nouveau, climbing, line, space.

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